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A review of relevant background literature on assessment in mathematics. As a minimum you must include: (i) a brief description of the three recognised main types of assessment (Diagnostic, formative, summative). (ii) What teachers need to take into consideration when implementing different types of assessment (e.g. time spent in terms of knowledge gained about the student's mathematics understanding). (iii) What are some of the advantages/disadvantages of the various types of assessment (e.g. what do you learn about the students conceptual understanding of mathematics concepts when comparing the oral diagnostic interview to other assessments?).These are some suggestions. (iv) You are expected to explore other issues associated with assessment, which you gauge from your reading. Ministry of Education documents (e.g. Numeracy compendium reports and research found in NZMaths) may be used as part of this body of literature. Marking These are the key indicators to determine the quality of your assignment. Literature Review (8 marks) • Links made to academic reading(s) are relevant and appropriate. • A brief description of at least three different types if assessment is made • What teachers need to consider when implementing different types of assessment is identified • Advantages and disadvantages of diagnostic assessments are considered in relation to other assessment types. • Other aspects of quality assessment are explored

Background: Explain here why a decision should to be taken. That will mean briefly referencing the debate about electoral reform and the reasons why many academics, government and/or politicians, along with members of the public are asking that we rethink the way we elect politicians at the federal level in Canada (i.e. for the House of Commons). This section should be a maximum of one or two paragraphs. Current Status: This section answers the question “Why now?” and “What’s currently relevant to this decision.” For example, if there is evidence over the past few years (or months) that the debate has taken a turn, or has gained greater attention, then say so. If the debate is currently quiet, then maybe this is a good time to plan ahead and make a decision rather than simply reacting to pressure for reform. In either case, this should be no more than a few sentences

Your introduction should sketch the typical rhetorical moves academic writers makeas they find a position for themselves:

• Describe the existing knowledge on a topic by way of summary and citationsfrom other sources. • Identify the knowledge deficit, i.e., something missing, inadequate, or hiddenin the view expressed in the existing knowledge, or something morecomplicated than that view. • Make a thesis claim that will address the gap (knowledge deficit) in theexisting knowledge. You must draw on at least one of the articles in your annotated bibliography toexamine the existing knowledge, identify a knowledge deficit, and make a thesisclaim

Read and review the specified chapter of given textbook.

Write a ONE-PAGE CRITICAL REVIEW 

Use the following criteria to do the critical review assignments:

1. SYNTHETIC THINKING: Provide an ACADEMIC SUMMARY of the assigned chapter: that is, focus on identifying and stating:

2. CRITICAL THINKING: Provide a concise assessment of any one of the chapters: that is, focus on identifying and stating:

* one strength

* one weakness

3. CREATIVE THINKING: Provide a suggestion for improvement based on the weakness you identified and stated.

Question 1

Richard wants to sell his camera. He uses his Facebook page to do this. On 3 April 2018, he posts: “For sale: Canon EOS 800D DSLR. Barely used. $500”. Richard has also posted low quality images of the camera.

Yvette knows Richard, as he is dating her older sister, Joan. She sees his post and is interested in buying the camera. A Canon EOS 800D DSLR retails for $1,999. Yvette sends Richard a private message on Facebook, on 4 April 2018, at 16.30, and they have the following chat:

Yvette Hi Richard. How are you? Is your camera is still for sale? Richard The one in the pictures? It is. Yvette Yes, the one in the pictures. I would like to buy it. Richard It will be $600 plus delivery.

Yvette What? You posted $500.

Richard Yes, well, there has been a lot of interest.

Yvette I have to think about it then.

Richard Let me know soon.

2 hours later, at 18.30, Yvette writes to Richard again on Facebook, saying that she will pay $600 plus delivery for the camera. Richard goes offline at 18.00, shortly after his chat with Yvette. He is preparing dinner for Joan and does not want any distractions, so turns off all his electronic devices. Joan comes over at 19.00. After a romantic, candle-lit dinner, Richard and Joan open their second bottle of wine for the evening and settle down next to the fireplace. Joan mentions that she saw his post regarding that camera. She would like to buy it from him, for $500. Richard immediately tells Joan that she can have the camera and her love is payment enough. Joan replies, “That’s wonderful”. Richard does not see Yvette’s message until the next day. Yvette is furious. She argues that she has a contract with Richard. She further asserts that she should only have to pay $500, as that was his original offer, which she accepted. Joan also argues that she has a contract with Richard. She tells Richard that the camera is in fact a Canon EOS 1300D DSLR, which only retails at $599, and argues that she deserves damages for her loss. Yvette and Joan’s mother is a Partner at the firm where you work and your direct manager. She is irate that a tiff has arisen between her daughters and wants the situation resolved immediately. Especially because Yvette is 17 and should be focussing on NCEA! The Partner asks you to write a business memorandum, outlining whether Yvette or Joan has a binding contract vis-à-vis the camera. Make sure to go through the requirements for formation of contract and to discuss any potential defects, for Yvette and Joan’s cases.

Question 2

A distant relative of Joan recently passed away, leaving her an antique grandfather clock. Joan has no particular need for a grandfather clock. It is large and loud and does not exactly fit with the rest of her decor.

She takes it to Auctioneers Are Us Ltd (AAUL) and asks them to sell it on her behalf. She signs a contract with AAUL, agreeing that they get to keep 30 % of the amount won at auction. Joan also stipulates in the contract that AAUL is not to sell the clock for less than $10,000. The Auction for the clock takes place and, after three bidders push each other higher and higher, the Auctioneer bangs the gavel down, yelling “Sold! To the man in the blue cap, for $8,500!” Normally, once this action happens, there is a binding contract. Joan is furious. She runs to her mother, who asks you to write a business memorandum, outlining Joan’s options. Make sure to discuss whether Joan is bound by the contrac

On completion of this module, students should be able to:

1. Identify and analyse ethical issues in business in the context of a legal and regulatory framework and a professional code of ethics.

2. Describe the main theories of motivation and their relationship to financial or “white collar” crime.

3. Discuss the historical and contemporary perspectives on serious financial crime.

4. Appreciate the current regulatory framework for financial markets and services, and of the law enforcement agencies tasked with fighting crime in this arena.

5. Analyse the boundaries that exist between corporate governance, integrity and management control.

you think Jho Low adheres to?

Q2 Explain and illustrate what a fraud triangle is? Based on the case study, which element(s) of the fraud triangle did Jho Low frequently employ? Critically discuss  what money laundering is and provide examples based on the case study. Explain in detail what white-collar crime is.

Q3 The banker in the Development Bank of Singapore (DBS) was blindsided by Jho Low to funnel millions of dollars through its branch. Describe and explain how this could have been prevented.

Q4 What should the roles and responsibilities of Najib Razak (the chairman) and Shahrol Halmi (the CEO) of 1MDB have been in a typical organisational structure? What should have the board of directors of 1MDB put in place the moment the company was established?

Q5. Explicitly discuss what corporate governance is. Explain what Stakeholder Theory and Shareholder Theory means. Apply these theories to the case study and substantiate your answer. Do you think ethics and control can totally eradicate financial fraud?

Assignment

As a new accounting graduate, you have just joined the financial reporting unit of a listed company* when your manager, the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), approaches you with your first task.

In July 2020, Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) issued a media release (MR) 20- 157MR Focuses for financial reporting under COVID-19 conditions – one of the key focus areas for the annual reports are the reporting of asset values and financial position.

The ASIC Chair, James Shipton, said that “In the current environment, the quality of financial reports and related disclosures is more important than ever for investors and to maintain confident and informed markets” (Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) 2020, p.1). He further added that, ‘Entities with businesses adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic should focus on the reporting of asset values and financial position. Investors will expect clear disclosure about the impacts on an entity’s businesses, any risks and uncertainties, key assumptions, management strategies and prospects” (Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) 2020, p.1).

The board members of your company are concerned about the company's reputational standing in the market relating to the quality of financial information in the annual report and keen to ensure that asset values are appropriately reflected and disclosed in the company's latest annual report.

Therefore, the Board decided to have a review of the relevant accounting treatments and disclosures about impairment testing in the company's 2019 annual report and requested the financial reporting unit to provide recommendations on the treatments and disclosures for impairment in the company’s 2020 annual report.

Required

Based on the Board's decision, the CFO asks you to draft a business research report addressed to the Board of Directors on the following: a. Explain the potential role that different types of accounting theory (i.e., normative and positive accounting theories) play in developing consistent accounting principles. 

b. Provide a detailed explanation of the impairment testing made by your company in the year ended 30 June 2019. Your explanation should include a discussion of

i. the asset/s that were subject to impairment testing;

ii. the type of estimations required to record the impairment;

iii. the amount of the impairment write-down, if any; and iv. relevant disclosures about impairment testing in the 30 June 2019 financial report.

c. Based on your findings in part b, critically discuss and recommend how your chosen company can enhance the treatments and disclosures for impairment for the year ended 30 June 2020 so that your company could provide clear disclosure about the adverse impacts on the company from the COVID19 pandemic. 

d. Based on your findings in part c, discuss how the treatments and disclosures about impairment suggested by you for the year ended 30 June 2020 meet the fundamental characteristics of financial reporting as per the Conceptual Framework?

Question 1:

Ms Betty Tan, aged 48, is a Singaporean widowed in 2017 with 3 children, aged 10, 8 and 5 years old as of 31 December 2019.  The children are looked after by a foreign maid with a monthly salary and levy of $650 and $60 respectively.  Ms Tan’s mother, a 65-year-old homemaker with no income of her own, lives with Ms Tan and helps to look after her children.  Ms Tan made a cash donation of $800 to the National Kidney Foundation, an approved institution of public character in December 2019.   Both her children and mother are Singaporeans.

Ms Tan received the following employment income and benefits in 2019:  

(i) Monthly salary of $15,000 and contractual bonus of $50,000.  

(ii) Company share option on 20 March 2019 to acquire 5000 shares with an exercise price of $25 per share.  Ms Tan exercised the option on 10 April 2019 and acquired 5000 shares when the share price was $28 per share.  She sold 3000 shares at $30 per share on 18 August 2019 and 2000 shares at $27.50 per share on 30 November 2019.  

(iii) Entertainment allowance of $1,000 per month.

(iv) Travel awards valued at $5,500 per person including Ms Tan’s mother and children in recognition of her excellent performance. 

(v) Car with a cost of $110,000 and a PARF value of $35,000.  The running expenses of $10,000 are paid by the company.  

(vi) Fully furnished accommodation with monthly rent of $5,000.  Ms Tan contributed a total rent of $6,000 in the year 2019, with the rest paid for by the company.

Ms Tan also has the following income from the year 2019:

-Singapore one-tier dividend of $3,500.

-Interest income from Citibank Singapore, an approved bank of $1,500

-Interest income of $500 from a loan to friend.

-Rental income from two properties in Singapore which have been rented out since 2016.  During the year ended 31/12/2019, the income and expenses from the apartment are as follows:

	Property 1	Property 2
Gross monthly rental	$4,000	$1,800
Annual fire insurance and property tax	$5,500	$2,300
Monthly maintenance fee	$500	$370
Replacement of oven	$1,200	Nil
Minor repairs for the year	$500	-
Monthly mortgage repayment	Capital repayment - $4,500 Interest repayment - $1,800	Capital repayment - $3,500 Interest repayment - $1,400

In addition, Ms Tan owns a property in Australia which was rented out.  She remitted the net rental income of $12,500 to Singapore on 31 December 2019.

During her overseas holiday in June 2019, Ms Tan came across some silk scarfs in Thailand which she is convinced Singaporeans will love.  She bought 300 pieces from the supplier.  Upon her return to Singapore, she contracted a designer to design and repack each scarf in a beautiful box.  She sold all the 300 pieces from October to December 2019, making a net profit of $40,000.  Due to the positive response from her customers, she intends to bring in more of these silk scarves in the future. 

Part A 

Advise Ms Tan on her Singapore tax residence status for YA 2020.  Explain the basis of your answer using either the qualitative or quantitative test.  In your answer, please explain the basis of determining an individual’s tax residence status under the respective test used.  If using the qualitative test, give at least two reasons to support that Singapore is the normal place of residence.

Part B 

Using the badges of trade, advise Ms Tan on the taxability of the profit made from the sale of the silk scarves.  In your answer, please explain the applicability of each badge of trade to Ms Tan. 

Part C

Prepare the YA 2020 tax computation for Ms Tan in the suggested format below.  You may make relevant adjustments to the format as required.  Where an item of receipt is not brought to tax (or conversely an item of expense / relief is not claimed for deduction), please insert “0” (zero) in the tax computation and state the reasons – e.g. not taxable as capital in nature or not deductible as capital in nature. Ms Tan would like to maximize any claims in order to achieve an overall lower tax liability.  

For this case study, you will prepare a PowerPoint Presentation and answer the questions below. You can use the sample Profile tax return in your Study guide (page S-307) as a resource in addition to other individual research you will have to complete to answer questions (must site your sources as part of your PPT presentation). Please submit your PPT with all group members listed on the first slide. 1. Explain how to create a T2 corporate tax return. Explain the information that must be filled out on the info tab for a Canadian Controlled Private Corporation (you can use screen shots in Profile to explain your answers). 2. What does "GIFI" mean? 3. Which schedule is used to enter balance sheet information? 4. Which schedule is used to enter income statement information? Enter the accounting income statement information provided in the PPT slides located in Moodle (Slide 9) and include a screen shot in your PPT presentation. 5. Which schedule is used to make adjustments to the income statement for items that are either allowed/disallowed? 6. List 5 items (revenues or expenses) that are disallowed for tax purposes, but allowed for accounting purposes. 7. List 3 items (revenues or expenses) that are allowed for tax purposes but not allowed for accounting purposes. 8. Which schedule does shareholder information entered on? Enter a fictitious name and SIN on Schedule 50 and include a screen shot. 9. Which schedule does CCA information get recorded on? Enter the UCC information found in the PPT located in Moodle (Slide 9) and include a screenshot. 10. How do you calculate taxable income for a corporation? Where in Profile can you find this information? 11. Explain the Small Business Deduction(Calculation and who is eligible to claim it). Where in Profile can you find this calculation? Include a screenshot.

You are required to create your own trading company by develop the accounting processes and procedures. Apply the knowledge you have learnt in the class and write a report on “How accounting functions in the business?” You are expected to do a simple research or reference to any real business through online articles and materials.